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Sunday, December 20, 2015
Maria | Manga ch. 3
1. When food is digested, heat is produced. So when electricity flows through an electrical resistance, heat is also produced.
2. Because of thermal emission, as temperature rises the lightbulb becomes brighter.
3. A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with zero resistance below a certain temperature. They can be used as superconducting electromagnets, such as in maglev trains. Metals can become superconductors at low temperatures.
4. Ampere's Law states that for any closed loop path, the sum of the length element times the magnetic field in the direction of the length element is equal to the permeability times the electric current enclosed in the loop.
5. The magnetic fields generated in each wire are combined to generate a magnetic field of twice the current around both conductors. A force of attraction is also generated between the two wires.
6. A force of repulsion is generated between the wires. The magnetic fields negate each other and become smaller.
Maria | Manga CH. 1
1. Microwave | Wattage: 1560 W Amp: 13 A Volts: 120 V
Cost(kWh): 15min use/24 hr = 15min use/60 min = 0.25 kWh * 1560 W =
0.390 kWh * $0.121 = approx. $0.5/day
2. Hair Dryer | Wattage: 1800 W Amp: 15 A Volts: 120 V
Cost(kWh): 15 min use/24 hr = 0.25 kWh * 1800 W = 0.450 kWh *
$0.121 = approx. $0.6/day
3. T.V. | Wattage: 600 W Amp: 5 A Volts: 120 V
Cost(kWh): 180 min use/24 hr = 3 kWh * 600 W = 1.8 kWh * $0.121 =
approx. $0.22/day
4. Stove (med. burner) | Wattage: 1500 W Amp: 6.25 A Volts: 240 V
Cost(kWh): 120 min use/24hr = 2 kWh * 1500 W = 3.0 kWh * $0.121 =
approx. $0.36/day
5. Water Heater | Wattage: 4500 W Amp: 18.75 A Volts: 240 V
Cost(kWh): 150 min use/24 hr = 2.5 kWh * 4500 W = 11.250 kWh *
$0.121 = $1.36/day
I can plug two appliances into one outlet with a 20 Amps breaker; the hairdryer and the TV without tripping the breaker. Hairdryer (15A) + TV (5A) = 20 A. I cannot plug the hairdryer with the microwave because it will trip the breaker. Hairdryer (15A) + Microwave (13 A) = 28 A. I cannot include the stove and water heater because of the voltage differences are not compatible.
I used the Energy Use Tier I and Electric Fuel Adjustment for the calculations. GRU total charge without taxes and fees is approx. $0.121 kWh.
Also, I found out that older appliances consume more electricity than the rated label. I should consider changing to newer energy-efficient models. All of this is based off my November Electric Bill (11/30/2015). Average Electric Daily Consumption is $11.03. The total approximation of costs for the appliances listed above is $3.04. $11.03 - $3.04 = $7.99 approx. the cost of the other appliances used at home that are not listed above.
I found out that electric appliances are divided by two types: Resistive run and Motor run appliances.
Resistive run appliances consume the same amount of electricity from the time of start until stop of use. Motor run appliances depending on the configuration from the very first few seconds can consume 2.5 up to 5 times the rated consumption.
Read pages 1-36 in Tha Manga Giude to Electricity and post questions to blog.
Calculate how much it costs to use five common appliances that you use every day in your home for 24 hours. Please let me know the applicance, its wattage, amps and volts of each appliance and how you calculated cost. You will need to go to GRU or look at one of your electric bills.
How many of those appliances can you plug into one outlet without tripping a breaker? Please do this mathematically rather than through direct experience.
Maria | Tom Igoe interview
I think that it's effective to have a hands-on approach to physical computing in order to better understand the hardware. The concept should drive the technology to make the piece stronger overall, it also helps when dealing with troubleshooting problems. I disagree that art cannot bring anything important to physical computing, it can if the concept is strong. Collaboration is definitely important, and creating your own business does give one more power over how to create and at what price their product can be sold at. Collaborating can be the hardest part when communication between partners is not strong, so once that's done the planning stage to how whatever it is that needs to be done is what will determine who will do what jobs in that collaboration.
Maria | Manga questions ch. 5
wd
1. LEDs are an example of a semiconductor device.
2. Because electricity cannot pass freely through it.
3. N-type semiconductors have an extra electron, giving it a negative charge. P-type semiconductors have a hole, giving it a positive charge.
4. A diode prevents the electric current from going back and forth, forcing it to only go in one direction. N-type and P-type semiconductors join together to create a diode, where the positive side is the Anode and the negative side is the Cathode.
5. Rectification allows electricity to flow only in one direction.
6. The raw material of the semiconductor is dependent on what color the LED gives off. The color of an LED depends on where on the visible light spectrum that particular color is, for example; the color red is between 620-750 nm.
7. The Collector Current can change significantly in response to a slight change in the Base Current. So it can be adjusted using the Base Current.
8. Because it has no physical contact, a transistor doesn't wear out and is less likely to fail.
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